Abstract
The concept of education in behavioral orientation is to develop those learning environments that should lead to the desired behavior from students, for which they will be rewarded and therefore motivated to continue to learn. Meanwhile, the school environment must be well organized, the class space should represent the world of their problems, the curriculum should be based on behavioral objectives and obtaining knowledge should be based on the use of scientific methods. The teacher becomes the manager of the intellectual and social learning of the students. (Reed and Bergemann, 1992). .
Although mentioned in the behavioral paradigm , the personalized system of instruction is consistent with the principles of constructivism, being a student-centered. It was initially designed as a training method to improve student performance, replacing the traditional " punishment " in education with the use of positive consequences of learning to promote content mastery and increased interpersonal communication ( Grant and Spencer , 2003; Fox , 2004). In many respects , this personalized training system based on the learner's pace and focused on deepening content was consistent with well-established educational practices due to changes imposed on them . The teacher is no longer the main actor but he/she is transformed into a manager of learning, planning and organization become more important and the academic progress is determined by student performance and not by the result of a specific calendar ( Fox, 2004).
The learning material ought to be fragmented into units or modules, each of which having a set of specific behavioral objectives taught in that unit. The five features of the system are represented by (Driscoll, 1994; Grant and Spencer, 2003) emphasizing individual study, knowledge / mastery of the unit requirements, keeping pace individually, using supervisors / tutors to supplement training techniques.
Interest in models such as the personalized training system continues to increase in distance education which provides teaching and learning platforms that require such alternatives, and the development of educational technology is another factor that facilitates the implementation of those systems. |